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Study Information

dbGaP Study Accession: phs003484

NIH Institute/Center: NIMHD

RADx Data Program: RADx-UP

Release Date: 03/04/2024

DOI: 10.60773/ewfr-hd70

Study Description: Black communities in the U.S. have disproportionately experienced adverse outcomes attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. While COVID-19 cases and deaths have declined in recent months, emergent variants continue to pose threats to the health of Black communities and others. COVID-19 testing has recently shifted from primarily point-of-care testing to widespread use of rapid home antigen tests. Home testing may be preferable to clinic-based testing for Black persons, many of whom have a high degree of well-founded, historically based mistrust of the medical system, but very little is currently known about knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors surrounding COVID-19 home testing among Black people. In addition to challenges related to affordability and accessibility of home testing, the privacy afforded by home testing comes at the expense of surveillance information. Home tests are rarely reported to public health surveillance, and specimens are unavailable for genetic sequencing and variant detection. This results in a substantial gap in public health knowledge about COVID-19 burden of disease and circulating variants, which may be particularly problematic for Black communities with higher risk for adverse outcomes. This project was a pre-post intervention study based in Black communities in Atlanta, GA to assess willingness of research participants to use a COVID-19 rapid home test and to simultaneously mail a self-collected anterior nares sample to a commercial laboratory for confirmatory PCR testing. The project provided culturally competent oral and illustrated written communication messages encouraging continued COVID-19 vigilance and home testing alongside self-collection of a specimen for mail-off testing. These messages were packaged with a home test kit for rapid testing and self collecting and mailing a second specimen to a laboratory. If a subset of home testers were willing to self-collect and mail a specimen for confirmatory testing, multiplier methods were used to estimate burden of disease and circulating variants among home testers. However, people with medical mistrust might not have elected to share biological specimens for surveillance purposes. The study aimed to understand motivations and barriers for using this type of testing modality in Black communities while also assessing general knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to home testing. Specific aims were: (1) Develop culturally appropriate, empowering communications strategies underscoring the importance of home COVID-19 testing for individual and public health; (2) Assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding COVID-19 rapid home testing among sociodemographically diverse Black communities; (3) Assess willingness to provide, in conjunction with a rapid home test, a self-collected specimen to a laboratory for confirmatory COVID-19 testing; (4) Conduct in-depth interviews with persons completing (N=10) and not completing (N=10) the study-provided home test to further improve communications strategies using participants' open-ended reflections on intervention effectiveness.

Updated Date: 03/04/2024

Principal Investigator: Bradley, Heather

Has Data Files: Yes

Study Domain: At-Home or Over-the-Counter (OTC) Self-Testing; Pandemic Perceptions or Decision-Making; Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT); Social Determinants of Health; Testing Rate or Uptake; Virological Testing

Data Collection Method: Antigen Testing Device; Interview or Focus Group; Molecular Nucleic Acid or PCR Testing Device; Survey

Keywords: Burden of Illness; Individual-Level Data

Study Design: Longitudinal Cohort

Multi-Center Study: No

Data Types: Behavioral; Questionnaire or Survey; Social

Study Start Date: 11/01/2022

Study End Date: 10/31/2024

Species: Human

Estimated Cohort Size: 800

Study Population Focus: Adults; African Americans; Older Adults or Elderly; Racial or Ethnic Minorities

Acknowledgement Statement: This study was supported through funding, 3U01MD018313-01S1, for the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) as part of the RADx-UP program. Project investigators would like to express gratitude to the research staff and graduate research assistants at Emory Rollins School of Public Health and Georgia State University, and to our study participants, without whom this research would not have been possible. Approved users should acknowledge the provision of data access by dbGaP for accession phs003484.v1.p1, and the NIH RADx Data Hub. Approved users should also acknowledge the specific version(s) of the dataset(s) obtained from the NIH RADx Data Hub.

Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Number: RFA-OD-22-005

NIH Grant or Contract Number(s): 3U01MD018313-01S1

Consent/Data Use Limitations: General Research Use

Variable Information
Total Variables: 311
Study Variables Information Table
Variable Name
Label
nih_record_idUser ID
nih_raceWhat is your race?
nih_ethnicityAre you of Hispanic or Latino origin? May include Spanish origin.
nih_ageWhat is your age?
nih_sexWhat is your biological sex assigned at birth?
nih_educationWhat is the highest level of education you have achieved outside or in the United States?
nih_employmentPlease specify your employment status.
nih_insuranceWhat kind of health insurance do you have?
nih_disabilityDo you have a disability, including serious physical or mental conditions, that interfere with your ability to carry out daily activities?
nih_deafAre you deaf or do you have serious difficulty hearing?
nih_blindAre you blind or do you have serious difficulty seeing, even when wearing glasses?
nih_memoryBecause of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, do you have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions?
nih_walk_climbDo you have serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs?
nih_dress_batheDo you have difficulty dressing or bathing?
nih_errandBecause of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, do you have difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping?
nih_vape_freqVaping Frequency: Do you now use electronic cigarettes every day, some days, rarely, or not at all?
nih_cig_smoke_freqNicotine Frequency: Do you now smoke cigarettes?
nih_smoking_ynDo you use any tobacco/nicotine products (including cigarettes, cigars, e-cigarettes, etc)?
nih_history_smokingHistory of Smoking
nih_alcohol_ynAlcohol use (Yes or No)
nih_lifetime_use_alcoholIn your entire life, have you had at least 1 drink of any kind of alcohol, not counting small tastes or sips? (Yes or No)
nih_alcohol_frequencyHow often did you have a drink containing alcohol ?
nih_asthmaAsthma
nih_cancer_past_yrCancer diagnosis and/or treatment within the past 12 months
nih_cardiovascular_diseaseCardiovascular disease
nih_chronic_kidney_diseaseChronic kidney disease
nih_diabetesDiabetes
nih_hypertensionHypertension
nih_mental_health_disorderMental health disorder
nih_sickle_cell_diseaseSickle cell disease
nih_pregnancyPregnancy status
nih_immunocompromisedImmunocompromised condition
nih_autoimmAutoimmune disease
nih_copdChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
nih_chronic_lungOther chronic lung disease
nih_depressionDepression
nih_alc_sub_abuseAlcohol or substance use disorder
nih_iv_drug_useIntravenous drug use
nih_other_chronic_condOther chronic condition
nih_coughCough
nih_fever_chillsFever or Chills
nih_diff_breathShortness of breath or difficulty breathing
nih_headacheHeadache
nih_muscle_acheMuscle ache
nih_olfactoryNew loss of taste or smell
nih_fatigueExcessive fatigue
nih_nausea_vomiting_diarrheaNausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
nih_abdom_painAbdominal pain
nih_skin_rashSkin rash
nih_throat_congestion_noseSore throat, congestion or runny nose
nih_other_sympOther
nih_health_statusWould you say that (your) health in general is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?
nih_heightWhat is your height in inches?
nih_weightWhat is your weight in pounds?
age_yrsAge For babies less than 1 year old, do not write the age in months. Write 0 as the age. (Years)
bio_sex_birth_2What was your sex assigned at birth on your birth certificate?
cc_asthma_2Asthma
cc_asud_2Alcohol or substance use disorder
cc_autoimm_2Autoimmune disease
cc_cancer_2Cancer diagnosis and/or treatment within the past 12 months
cc_chronickd_2Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
cc_clung_2Other chronic lung disease
cc_copd_2Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
cc_cvd_2Cardiovascular disease (CVD or heart disease)
cc_depression_2Depression
cc_diabetes_2Diabetes
cc_hypertension_2Hypertension (HTN, high blood pressure)
cc_imm_2Immunocompromised condition
cc_intrav_2Intravenous drug use
cc_otherchroniccond_2Other chronic condition
cc_othermh_2Other mental health disorder
cc_sickle_2Sickle Cell Anemia
covid_abpain_2Abdominal Pain
covid_cough_2Cough
covid_diffbreath_2Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
covid_fever_2Fever or chills
covid_headache_2Headache
covid_myalgia_2Muscle or body aches
covid_nausea_2Feeling sick to your stomach or vomiting, diarrhea
covid_olfactory_2New loss of taste or smell
covid_other_2Other
covid_runnynose_2Sore throat, congestion or runny nose
covid_skinrash_2Skin Rash
current_employment_statusWe would like to know about what you do -- are you working now, looking for work, retired, keeping house, a student, or something else?
disability_blind_2Are you blind, or do you have serious difficulty seeing, even when wearing glasses?
disability_deaf_2Are you deaf, or do you have serious difficulty hearing?
disability_decisions_2Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, do you have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions? (5 years of age or older)
disability_dress_2Do you have difficulty dressing or bathing? (5 years of age or older)
disability_errands_2Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, do you have difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping? (15 years of age or older)
disability_walking_2Do you have serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs? (5 years of age or older)
hi_coverage_typeWhat is the primary kind of health insurance or health care plan that you have now? (Exclude plans that pay for only one type of Service (such as, nursing home care, accidents, family planning, or dental care) and plans that only provide extra cash when hospitalized. )
lifetime_use_alcoholIn your entire life, have you had at least 1 drink of any kind of alcohol, not counting small tastes or sips?
pregnancy_statusAre you currently pregnant?
race_ethn_hispanicAre you of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin?
self_reported_disabilityDo you have a disability that interferes with your ability to carry out daily activities? Examples of daily activities include walking, climbing stairs, shopping, balancing a checkbook, bathing or dressing.
self_reported_height_centimetersCentimeters
self_reported_height_feetFeet
self_reported_height_inchesInches
self_reported_height_metersMeters
self_reported_weight_kgsHow much do you weigh without clothes or shoes? If you are currently pregnant, how much did you weigh before your pregnancy?
self_reported_weight_lbsHow much do you weigh without clothes or shoes? If you are currently pregnant, how much did you weigh before your pregnancy?
smoker_cur_stat_2Do you now smoke cigarettes?
vaper_cur_statDo you now use electronic cigarettes every day, some days, rarely, or not at all?
alcohol_daysperweek-
consent_given-
consent_ident-
covid_fatique_2-
covid_pandemic_challenges_abod_2-
covid_pandemic_challenges_food_2-
covid_pandemic_challenges_wate_2-
covid_risk-
covid_test_approval-
covid_test_collection_setting-
covid_test_performed_location-
covid_test_result-
covid_test_specimen_collector-
covid_test_specimen_type-
covid_test_study_setting-
covid_test_tar_dis_stat_2___1-
covid_test_tar_dis_stat_2___3-
covid_test_type-
covid_tst_reas-
covid_vaccine-
cov_pan_chal_hlth_2-
cov_pan_chal_med_2-
cov_pan_chlng_trans_2-
cov_tst_mthd_2-
edu_years_of_school-
employed_ew-
employed_healthcare_2-
family_income-
flu_vaccinehistind_2-
flu_vaccine_season_3-
gender_identity_term_2-
hi_loss_covid-
household_congregate_3-
household_famgen_3-
household_homeless-
isolate_maintain_job-
jobloss_covid19_2-
language_home___1-
language_home___10-
language_home___11-
language_home___12-
language_home___13-
language_home___14-
language_home___15-
language_home___16-
language_home___17-
language_home___18-
language_home___19-
language_home___2-
language_home___20-
language_home___21-
language_home___22-
language_home___23-
language_home___24-
language_home___25-
language_home___26-
language_home___27-
language_home___28-
language_home___29-
language_home___3-
language_home___30-
language_home___31-
language_home___32-
language_home___33-
language_home___34-
language_home___35-
language_home___36-
language_home___37-
language_home___38-
language_home___39-
language_home___4-
language_home___40-
language_home___41-
language_home___42-
language_home___43-
language_home___44-
language_home___45-
language_home___46-
language_home___5-
language_home___6-
language_home___7-
language_home___8-
language_home___9-
language_home___90-
language_home___99-
language_pref-
positiveyear_covidtest_3-
quarantine_maintain_job-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___1-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___10-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___11-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___12-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___13-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___14-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___15-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___16-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___17-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___18-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___19-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___2-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___20-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___21-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___22-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___3-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___4-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___5-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___6-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___7-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___8-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___9-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___99-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___1-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___10-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___11-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___12-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___13-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___14-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___15-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___16-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___2-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___3-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___4-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___5-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___6-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___7-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___8-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___9-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___99-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___1-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___10-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___11-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___12-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___13-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___14-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___2-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___3-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___4-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___5-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___6-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___7-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___8-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___9-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___99-
race_ethn_race___1-
race_ethn_race___15-
race_ethn_race___2-
race_ethn_race___3-
race_ethn_race___4-
race_ethn_race___5-
race_ethn_race___99-
recentresult_covidtest-
recentyear_covidtest_3-
redcap_event_name-
redcap_repeat_instance-
redcap_repeat_instrument-
self_reported_health_status_assessment-
self_reported_height_coded-
self_reported_weight_units_2-
sex_orient_id-
smoker_number-
test_accesseasy_2-
test_accesswhere_2-
tested_for_covid-
tested_positive_for_covid-
testing_died-
testing_hosp-
testing_sick-
test_percvaccuneg_2-
test_percvaccupos_2-
test_repos_2___1-
test_repos_2___2-
test_repos_2___3-
test_repos_2___4-
test_repos_2___99-
test_resneg_2___1-
test_resneg_2___2-
test_resneg_2___3-
test_resneg_2___4-
test_resneg_2___5-
test_resneg_2___99-
vaccine_concerns_3___1-
vaccine_concerns_3___10-
vaccine_concerns_3___2-
vaccine_concerns_3___3-
vaccine_concerns_3___4-
vaccine_concerns_3___5-
vaccine_concerns_3___6-
vaccine_concerns_3___7-
vaccine_concerns_3___8-
vaccine_concerns_3___9-
vaccine_concerns_3___96-
vaccine_concerns_3___99-
vaccine_reasons_3___1-
vaccine_reasons_3___10-
vaccine_reasons_3___11-
vaccine_reasons_3___2-
vaccine_reasons_3___3-
vaccine_reasons_3___4-
vaccine_reasons_3___5-
vaccine_reasons_3___6-
vaccine_reasons_3___7-
vaccine_reasons_3___8-
vaccine_reasons_3___9-
vaccine_reasons_3___96-
vaccine_reasons_3___99-
work_closecont_2-
work_ppe_2-
work_wash_2-
Study Documents
Study Documents Table
Document
Document Name
File Size
Download
Study Documentationproject108_DDE_dictionary_origcopy.csv244.07 KB
READMEproject108_README.html274.81 KB
Data Files
Total Files: 8
Data Files: 3
Metadata Files: 3
Dictionary Files: 2
Study Datasets Table
File Name
File Type
File Format(s)
# of Records
# of Variables
Metadata
Dictionary
project108_DATA_origcopy.csvTabular Data - Non-harmonizedcsv809
project108_DDE_DATA_origcopy.csvTabular Data - Non-harmonizedcsv809

project108_DATA_transformcopy.csvTabular Data - Harmonizedcsv809