dbGaP Study Accession: phs003484
NIH Institute/Center: NIMHD
RADx Data Program: RADx-UP
Release Date: 03/04/2024
DOI: 10.60773/ewfr-hd70
Study Description: Black communities in the U.S. have disproportionately experienced adverse outcomes attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. While COVID-19 cases and deaths have declined in recent months, emergent variants continue to pose threats to the health of Black communities and others. COVID-19 testing has recently shifted from primarily point-of-care testing to widespread use of rapid home antigen tests. Home testing may be preferable to clinic-based testing for Black persons, many of whom have a high degree of well-founded, historically based mistrust of the medical system, but very little is currently known about knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors surrounding COVID-19 home testing among Black people. In addition to challenges related to affordability and accessibility of home testing, the privacy afforded by home testing comes at the expense of surveillance information. Home tests are rarely reported to public health surveillance, and specimens are unavailable for genetic sequencing and variant detection. This results in a substantial gap in public health knowledge about COVID-19 burden of disease and circulating variants, which may be particularly problematic for Black communities with higher risk for adverse outcomes. This project was a pre-post intervention study based in Black communities in Atlanta, GA to assess willingness of research participants to use a COVID-19 rapid home test and to simultaneously mail a self-collected anterior nares sample to a commercial laboratory for confirmatory PCR testing. The project provided culturally competent oral and illustrated written communication messages encouraging continued COVID-19 vigilance and home testing alongside self-collection of a specimen for mail-off testing. These messages were packaged with a home test kit for rapid testing and self collecting and mailing a second specimen to a laboratory. If a subset of home testers were willing to self-collect and mail a specimen for confirmatory testing, multiplier methods were used to estimate burden of disease and circulating variants among home testers. However, people with medical mistrust might not have elected to share biological specimens for surveillance purposes. The study aimed to understand motivations and barriers for using this type of testing modality in Black communities while also assessing general knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to home testing. Specific aims were: (1) Develop culturally appropriate, empowering communications strategies underscoring the importance of home COVID-19 testing for individual and public health; (2) Assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding COVID-19 rapid home testing among sociodemographically diverse Black communities; (3) Assess willingness to provide, in conjunction with a rapid home test, a self-collected specimen to a laboratory for confirmatory COVID-19 testing; (4) Conduct in-depth interviews with persons completing (N=10) and not completing (N=10) the study-provided home test to further improve communications strategies using participants' open-ended reflections on intervention effectiveness.
Updated Date: 03/04/2024
Principal Investigator: Bradley, Heather
Has Data Files: Yes
Study Domain: At-Home or Over-the-Counter (OTC) Self-Testing; Pandemic Perceptions or Decision-Making; Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT); Social Determinants of Health; Testing Rate or Uptake; Virological Testing
Data Collection Method: Antigen Testing Device; Interview or Focus Group; Molecular Nucleic Acid or PCR Testing Device; Survey
Keywords: Burden of Illness; Individual-Level Data
Study Design: Longitudinal Cohort
Multi-Center Study: No
Data Types: Behavioral; Questionnaire or Survey; Social
Study Start Date: 11/01/2022
Study End Date: 10/31/2024
Species: Human
Estimated Cohort Size: 800
Study Population Focus: Adults; African Americans; Older Adults or Elderly; Racial or Ethnic Minorities
Acknowledgement Statement: This study was supported through funding, 3U01MD018313-01S1, for the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) as part of the RADx-UP program. Project investigators would like to express gratitude to the research staff and graduate research assistants at Emory Rollins School of Public Health and Georgia State University, and to our study participants, without whom this research would not have been possible. Approved users should acknowledge the provision of data access by dbGaP for accession phs003484.v1.p1, and the NIH RADx Data Hub. Approved users should also acknowledge the specific version(s) of the dataset(s) obtained from the NIH RADx Data Hub.
Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Number: RFA-OD-22-005
NIH Grant or Contract Number(s): 3U01MD018313-01S1
Consent/Data Use Limitations: General Research Use
Variable Name | Label |
---|---|
nih_record_id | User ID |
nih_race | What is your race? |
nih_ethnicity | Are you of Hispanic or Latino origin? May include Spanish origin. |
nih_age | What is your age? |
nih_sex | What is your biological sex assigned at birth? |
nih_education | What is the highest level of education you have achieved outside or in the United States? |
nih_employment | Please specify your employment status. |
nih_insurance | What kind of health insurance do you have? |
nih_disability | Do you have a disability, including serious physical or mental conditions, that interfere with your ability to carry out daily activities? |
nih_deaf | Are you deaf or do you have serious difficulty hearing? |
nih_blind | Are you blind or do you have serious difficulty seeing, even when wearing glasses? |
nih_memory | Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, do you have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions? |
nih_walk_climb | Do you have serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs? |
nih_dress_bathe | Do you have difficulty dressing or bathing? |
nih_errand | Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, do you have difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping? |
nih_vape_freq | Vaping Frequency: Do you now use electronic cigarettes every day, some days, rarely, or not at all? |
nih_cig_smoke_freq | Nicotine Frequency: Do you now smoke cigarettes? |
nih_smoking_yn | Do you use any tobacco/nicotine products (including cigarettes, cigars, e-cigarettes, etc)? |
nih_history_smoking | History of Smoking |
nih_alcohol_yn | Alcohol use (Yes or No) |
nih_lifetime_use_alcohol | In your entire life, have you had at least 1 drink of any kind of alcohol, not counting small tastes or sips? (Yes or No) |
nih_alcohol_frequency | How often did you have a drink containing alcohol ? |
nih_asthma | Asthma |
nih_cancer_past_yr | Cancer diagnosis and/or treatment within the past 12 months |
nih_cardiovascular_disease | Cardiovascular disease |
nih_chronic_kidney_disease | Chronic kidney disease |
nih_diabetes | Diabetes |
nih_hypertension | Hypertension |
nih_mental_health_disorder | Mental health disorder |
nih_sickle_cell_disease | Sickle cell disease |
nih_pregnancy | Pregnancy status |
nih_immunocompromised | Immunocompromised condition |
nih_autoimm | Autoimmune disease |
nih_copd | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
nih_chronic_lung | Other chronic lung disease |
nih_depression | Depression |
nih_alc_sub_abuse | Alcohol or substance use disorder |
nih_iv_drug_use | Intravenous drug use |
nih_other_chronic_cond | Other chronic condition |
nih_cough | Cough |
nih_fever_chills | Fever or Chills |
nih_diff_breath | Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing |
nih_headache | Headache |
nih_muscle_ache | Muscle ache |
nih_olfactory | New loss of taste or smell |
nih_fatigue | Excessive fatigue |
nih_nausea_vomiting_diarrhea | Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea |
nih_abdom_pain | Abdominal pain |
nih_skin_rash | Skin rash |
nih_throat_congestion_nose | Sore throat, congestion or runny nose |
nih_other_symp | Other |
nih_health_status | Would you say that (your) health in general is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor? |
nih_height | What is your height in inches? |
nih_weight | What is your weight in pounds? |
age_yrs | Age For babies less than 1 year old, do not write the age in months. Write 0 as the age. (Years) |
bio_sex_birth_2 | What was your sex assigned at birth on your birth certificate? |
cc_asthma_2 | Asthma |
cc_asud_2 | Alcohol or substance use disorder |
cc_autoimm_2 | Autoimmune disease |
cc_cancer_2 | Cancer diagnosis and/or treatment within the past 12 months |
cc_chronickd_2 | Chronic kidney disease (CKD) |
cc_clung_2 | Other chronic lung disease |
cc_copd_2 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
cc_cvd_2 | Cardiovascular disease (CVD or heart disease) |
cc_depression_2 | Depression |
cc_diabetes_2 | Diabetes |
cc_hypertension_2 | Hypertension (HTN, high blood pressure) |
cc_imm_2 | Immunocompromised condition |
cc_intrav_2 | Intravenous drug use |
cc_otherchroniccond_2 | Other chronic condition |
cc_othermh_2 | Other mental health disorder |
cc_sickle_2 | Sickle Cell Anemia |
covid_abpain_2 | Abdominal Pain |
covid_cough_2 | Cough |
covid_diffbreath_2 | Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing |
covid_fever_2 | Fever or chills |
covid_headache_2 | Headache |
covid_myalgia_2 | Muscle or body aches |
covid_nausea_2 | Feeling sick to your stomach or vomiting, diarrhea |
covid_olfactory_2 | New loss of taste or smell |
covid_other_2 | Other |
covid_runnynose_2 | Sore throat, congestion or runny nose |
covid_skinrash_2 | Skin Rash |
current_employment_status | We would like to know about what you do -- are you working now, looking for work, retired, keeping house, a student, or something else? |
disability_blind_2 | Are you blind, or do you have serious difficulty seeing, even when wearing glasses? |
disability_deaf_2 | Are you deaf, or do you have serious difficulty hearing? |
disability_decisions_2 | Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, do you have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions? (5 years of age or older) |
disability_dress_2 | Do you have difficulty dressing or bathing? (5 years of age or older) |
disability_errands_2 | Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, do you have difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping? (15 years of age or older) |
disability_walking_2 | Do you have serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs? (5 years of age or older) |
hi_coverage_type | What is the primary kind of health insurance or health care plan that you have now? (Exclude plans that pay for only one type of Service (such as, nursing home care, accidents, family planning, or dental care) and plans that only provide extra cash when hospitalized. ) |
lifetime_use_alcohol | In your entire life, have you had at least 1 drink of any kind of alcohol, not counting small tastes or sips? |
pregnancy_status | Are you currently pregnant? |
race_ethn_hispanic | Are you of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin? |
self_reported_disability | Do you have a disability that interferes with your ability to carry out daily activities? Examples of daily activities include walking, climbing stairs, shopping, balancing a checkbook, bathing or dressing. |
self_reported_height_centimeters | Centimeters |
self_reported_height_feet | Feet |
self_reported_height_inches | Inches |
self_reported_height_meters | Meters |
self_reported_weight_kgs | How much do you weigh without clothes or shoes? If you are currently pregnant, how much did you weigh before your pregnancy? |
self_reported_weight_lbs | How much do you weigh without clothes or shoes? If you are currently pregnant, how much did you weigh before your pregnancy? |
smoker_cur_stat_2 | Do you now smoke cigarettes? |
vaper_cur_stat | Do you now use electronic cigarettes every day, some days, rarely, or not at all? |
alcohol_daysperweek | - |
consent_given | - |
consent_ident | - |
covid_fatique_2 | - |
covid_pandemic_challenges_abod_2 | - |
covid_pandemic_challenges_food_2 | - |
covid_pandemic_challenges_wate_2 | - |
covid_risk | - |
covid_test_approval | - |
covid_test_collection_setting | - |
covid_test_performed_location | - |
covid_test_result | - |
covid_test_specimen_collector | - |
covid_test_specimen_type | - |
covid_test_study_setting | - |
covid_test_tar_dis_stat_2___1 | - |
covid_test_tar_dis_stat_2___3 | - |
covid_test_type | - |
covid_tst_reas | - |
covid_vaccine | - |
cov_pan_chal_hlth_2 | - |
cov_pan_chal_med_2 | - |
cov_pan_chlng_trans_2 | - |
cov_tst_mthd_2 | - |
edu_years_of_school | - |
employed_ew | - |
employed_healthcare_2 | - |
family_income | - |
flu_vaccinehistind_2 | - |
flu_vaccine_season_3 | - |
gender_identity_term_2 | - |
hi_loss_covid | - |
household_congregate_3 | - |
household_famgen_3 | - |
household_homeless | - |
isolate_maintain_job | - |
jobloss_covid19_2 | - |
language_home___1 | - |
language_home___10 | - |
language_home___11 | - |
language_home___12 | - |
language_home___13 | - |
language_home___14 | - |
language_home___15 | - |
language_home___16 | - |
language_home___17 | - |
language_home___18 | - |
language_home___19 | - |
language_home___2 | - |
language_home___20 | - |
language_home___21 | - |
language_home___22 | - |
language_home___23 | - |
language_home___24 | - |
language_home___25 | - |
language_home___26 | - |
language_home___27 | - |
language_home___28 | - |
language_home___29 | - |
language_home___3 | - |
language_home___30 | - |
language_home___31 | - |
language_home___32 | - |
language_home___33 | - |
language_home___34 | - |
language_home___35 | - |
language_home___36 | - |
language_home___37 | - |
language_home___38 | - |
language_home___39 | - |
language_home___4 | - |
language_home___40 | - |
language_home___41 | - |
language_home___42 | - |
language_home___43 | - |
language_home___44 | - |
language_home___45 | - |
language_home___46 | - |
language_home___5 | - |
language_home___6 | - |
language_home___7 | - |
language_home___8 | - |
language_home___9 | - |
language_home___90 | - |
language_home___99 | - |
language_pref | - |
positiveyear_covidtest_3 | - |
quarantine_maintain_job | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___1 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___10 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___11 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___12 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___13 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___14 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___15 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___16 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___17 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___18 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___19 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___2 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___20 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___21 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___22 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___3 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___4 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___5 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___6 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___7 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___8 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___9 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___99 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___1 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___10 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___11 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___12 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___13 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___14 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___15 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___16 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___2 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___3 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___4 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___5 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___6 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___7 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___8 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___9 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___99 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___1 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___10 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___11 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___12 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___13 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___14 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___2 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___3 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___4 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___5 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___6 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___7 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___8 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___9 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___99 | - |
race_ethn_race___1 | - |
race_ethn_race___15 | - |
race_ethn_race___2 | - |
race_ethn_race___3 | - |
race_ethn_race___4 | - |
race_ethn_race___5 | - |
race_ethn_race___99 | - |
recentresult_covidtest | - |
recentyear_covidtest_3 | - |
redcap_event_name | - |
redcap_repeat_instance | - |
redcap_repeat_instrument | - |
self_reported_health_status_assessment | - |
self_reported_height_coded | - |
self_reported_weight_units_2 | - |
sex_orient_id | - |
smoker_number | - |
test_accesseasy_2 | - |
test_accesswhere_2 | - |
tested_for_covid | - |
tested_positive_for_covid | - |
testing_died | - |
testing_hosp | - |
testing_sick | - |
test_percvaccuneg_2 | - |
test_percvaccupos_2 | - |
test_repos_2___1 | - |
test_repos_2___2 | - |
test_repos_2___3 | - |
test_repos_2___4 | - |
test_repos_2___99 | - |
test_resneg_2___1 | - |
test_resneg_2___2 | - |
test_resneg_2___3 | - |
test_resneg_2___4 | - |
test_resneg_2___5 | - |
test_resneg_2___99 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___1 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___10 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___2 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___3 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___4 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___5 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___6 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___7 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___8 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___9 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___96 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___99 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___1 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___10 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___11 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___2 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___3 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___4 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___5 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___6 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___7 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___8 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___9 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___96 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___99 | - |
work_closecont_2 | - |
work_ppe_2 | - |
work_wash_2 | - |