dbGaP Study Accession: phs003234

NIH Institute/Center: NIMHD

RADx Data Program: RADx-UP

DOI: 10.60773/z740-hc64

Release Date: 08/29/2023

Study Description: This RADx-UP Phase II proposal, “Social network diffusion of COVID-19 prevention for diverse Criminal Legal Involved Communities”, implemented a situation appropriate COVID-19 testing and vaccination social network diffusion intervention – C3 – building upon RADx-UP Phase I lessons and successful social network prevention interventions developed previously by the research team. C3 Criminal Legal Involved (CLI) populations encompassed those non-incarcerated who have experienced recent arrest, incarceration, probation, parole or diversion programs such as drug courts. While increases in COVID-19 testing have been observed among this group, there remain members with limited testing history as well as individuals who are vaccine hesitant. COVID-19 prevention messaging can no longer be simplified to “everyone test and/or everyone vaccinate” as testing and vaccination decisions among community members are sensitive to personal histories (i.e., prior infection), local infection rates (i.e., low rates) and testing/vaccination availability. As COVID-19 prevention efforts have become more complicated (i.e., test if exposed), people tend to focus on the messenger, and particularly those that are close to them. Personal connections and communications within existing personal network structures, such as families, friends and other trusted acquaintances represent the cornerstone to increase situation appropriate testing and overcoming COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. C3 built upon RADx-UP I, by using a network diffusion approach facilitated through motivational interviewing purposefully geared to mobilize one’s own organic social network to increase context appropriate testing and vaccine uptake. Through this process, the study maximized the primary benefit and impact of this type of intervention which also has the intended effect of increasing likelihood that the messenger themselves will undergo the same behavior change that they have been trained to promote. The study leveraged infrastructure developed in RADx-UP Phase I, which included 4 high-impact sites across the Central US from Phase I: Baton Rouge LA, Little Rock AR, Indianapolis IN, and Chicago IL. The study utilized established engagement efforts already in place and continue to fully integrate communities in the strategic application of the intervention. The study used the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) framework to guide implementation. C3 aims to: Aim 1a. Test the efficacy (3-month situation appropriate testing or vaccination) of a network diffusion intervention (C3) versus an existing COVID-19 testing and vaccine linkage to care intervention among: 1) primary study participants (primary outcome); and 2) secondary study participants connected to primary participants (secondary outcome) using a RCT design. Aim 1b. Explore the mechanisms for differential intervention effects at the individual and network-level that may increase situation appropriate testing and/or vaccination uptake. Aim 2. Examine key RE-AIM components in real time tied to the implementation of the network diffusion intervention (C3).

Updated Date: 04/17/2024

Principal Investigator: Schneider, John

Has Data Files: Yes

Study Domain: Health Behaviors; Pandemic Perceptions or Decision-Making; Testing Rate or Uptake; Vaccination Rate or Uptake; Virological Testing

Data Collection Method: Survey

Keywords: Network Diffusion Intervention

Study Design: Interventional or Clinical Trial

Multi-Center Study: No

Data Types: Behavioral; Clinical; Questionnaire or Survey

Study Start Date: 01/01/2022

Study End Date: 11/30/2023

Species: Human

Estimated Cohort Size: 800

Study Population Focus: Adults; Incarcerated or Institutionalized Populations; Older Adults or Elderly; Underserved or Vulnerable Populations

Publication URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36429763/

Acknowledgement Statement: This study was supported through funding, 5U01MD017414-02, for the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) as part of the RADx-UP program. This project would like to thank the study participants and their families for their involvement in this project. We would also like to thank our project staff, academic and community partners, and the community advisory board members. Approved users should acknowledge the provision of data access by dbGaP for accession phs003234.v1.p1, and the NIH RADx Data Hub. Approved users should also acknowledge the specific version(s) of the dataset(s) obtained from the NIH RADx Data Hub.

Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Number: RFA-OD-21-008

NIH Grant or Contract Number(s): 5U01MD017414-02

Consent/Data Use Limitations: General Research Use