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Study Information

dbGaP Study Accession: phs003057

NIH Institute/Center: NCI

RADx Data Program: RADx-UP

DOI: 10.60773/38sx-dw45

Release Date: 11/07/2022

Study Description: The purpose of this proposal was to identify individual, community (population) and structural factors associated with lower rates of COVID-19 testing in Northern New England (NNE), with a focus on underserved and vulnerable populations. This study included several COVID-19 medically and/or socially vulnerable populations: communities with high levels of social vulnerability; community-dwelling older adults; individuals with medical comorbidities known to increase risk of severe COVID-19 and, particularly, rural and remote communities. Analytically, the study qualitatively estimated individual, population and structural factors associated with higher or lower probability of having been tested for COVID-19 by combining comprehensive all-payer claims data across two states with state-level COVID-19 testing data and the CDC vulnerable community index. This study also assessed the geospatial distribution of disparities in COVID-19 testing in NNE using geographic information system methods to examine factors like testing center density and distance on testing rates. The study exploited differences in structure between Vermont and Maine to identify system level factors, including provider accessibility, testing availability and provider payment rules. The key outcomes were COVID-19 testing, hospitalizations and excess mortality among underserved and vulnerable populations in NNE. This study augmented the quantitative analysis with focus groups to identify additional barriers to testing. This study conducted multiple focus groups with individuals from vulnerable populations to identify barriers to COVID-19 testing. Once the individual, community (population) and structural factors that create barriers to COVID-19 testing and excess mortality were identified, potential interventions were tested in two different ways, First, the study developed and deployed a Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) both in vulnerable communities in NNE and in a nationally representative sample of rural adults to test optimal strategies to increase testing using hypothetical scenarios. Second, the study tested the effect of targeted communication using a rural communication network using optimal communication strategies to facilitate increased testing and test if the communications change individual behavior and reduce health disparities. This study was conducted in partnership with the Department of Health in both Vermont and Maine and numerous community partners. This mixed methods project combined data from qualitative and quantitative analyses to identify barriers to COVID-19 testing with a focus on individuals and communities with high social vulnerability. Approaches to reduce testing disparities using experimental and interventional data were then tested.

Updated Date: 11/07/2022

Principal Investigator: Carney, Jan Kirk

Has Data Files: Yes

Study Domain: Community Outreach Programs; Comorbidities; Screening Testing; Social Determinants of Health; Testing Rate or Uptake; Virological Testing

Data Collection Method: Interview or Focus Group; Survey

Keywords: Aggregate Data; COVID-related Deaths; COVID-related Hospitalizations; Individual-Level Data; Obesity

Study Design: Interventional or Clinical Trial

Multi-Center Study: Yes

Study Sites: University of Southern Maine

Data Types: Clinical; Questionnaire or Survey

Study Start Date: 01/18/2022

Study End Date: 12/31/2023

Species: Human

Estimated Cohort Size: 200

Study Population Focus: Adults; Lower Socioeconomic Status (SES) Populations; Older Adults or Elderly; Rural Communities; Underserved or Vulnerable Populations

Acknowledgement Statement: This study was supported through funding, 5U01CA271329-02, for the National Cancer Institute (NCI) as part of the RADx-UP program. We would like to acknowledge for both Universities of Vermont & Maine, the project research staff, the contributions of participants, and the Departments of Health. Approved users should acknowledge the provision of data access by dbGaP for accession phs003057.v1.p1, and the NIH RADx Data Hub. Approved users should also acknowledge the specific version(s) of the dataset(s) obtained from the NIH RADx Data Hub.

Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Number: RFA-OD-21-009

NIH Grant or Contract Number(s): 5U01CA271329-02

Consent/Data Use Limitations: General Research Use

Variable Information
Total Variables: 157
Study Variables Information Table
Variable Name
Label
nih_record_idUser ID
nih_raceWhat is your race?
nih_ethnicityAre you of Hispanic or Latino origin? May include Spanish origin.
nih_ageWhat is your age?
nih_sexWhat is your biological sex assigned at birth?
nih_educationWhat is the highest level of education you have achieved outside or in the United States?
nih_employmentPlease specify your employment status.
nih_insuranceWhat kind of health insurance do you have?
nih_disabilityDo you have a disability, including serious physical or mental conditions, that interfere with your ability to carry out daily activities?
nih_vape_freqVaping Frequency: Do you now use electronic cigarettes every day, some days, rarely, or not at all?
nih_cig_smoke_freqNicotine Frequency: Do you now smoke cigarettes?
nih_smoking_ynDo you use any tobacco/nicotine products (including cigarettes, cigars, e-cigarettes, etc)?
nih_history_smokingHistory of Smoking
nih_alcohol_ynAlcohol use (Yes or No)
nih_lifetime_use_alcoholIn your entire life, have you had at least 1 drink of any kind of alcohol, not counting small tastes or sips? (Yes or No)
nih_alcohol_frequencyHow often did you have a drink containing alcohol ?
nih_asthmaAsthma
nih_cancer_past_yrCancer diagnosis and/or treatment within the past 12 months
nih_cardiovascular_diseaseCardiovascular disease
nih_chronic_kidney_diseaseChronic kidney disease
nih_diabetesDiabetes
nih_hypertensionHypertension
nih_mental_health_disorderMental health disorder
nih_sickle_cell_diseaseSickle cell disease
nih_pregnancyPregnancy status
nih_immunocompromisedImmunocompromised condition
nih_autoimmAutoimmune disease
nih_copdChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
nih_chronic_lungOther chronic lung disease
nih_depressionDepression
nih_alc_sub_abuseAlcohol or substance use disorder
nih_iv_drug_useIntravenous drug use
nih_other_chronic_condOther chronic condition
nih_coughCough
nih_fever_chillsFever or Chills
nih_diff_breathShortness of breath or difficulty breathing
nih_headacheHeadache
nih_muscle_acheMuscle ache
nih_olfactoryNew loss of taste or smell
nih_fatigueExcessive fatigue
nih_nausea_vomiting_diarrheaNausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
nih_abdom_painAbdominal pain
nih_skin_rashSkin rash
nih_throat_congestion_noseSore throat, congestion or runny nose
nih_other_sympOther
nih_health_statusWould you say that (your) health in general is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?
nih_heightWhat is your height in inches?
nih_weightWhat is your weight in pounds?
age_yrsAge For babies less than 1 year old, do not write the age in months. Write 0 as the age. (Years)
bio_sex_birth_2What was your sex assigned at birth on your birth certificate?
cc_asthma_2Asthma
cc_asud_2Alcohol or substance use disorder
cc_autoimm_2Autoimmune disease
cc_cancer_2Cancer diagnosis and/or treatment within the past 12 months
cc_chronickd_2Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
cc_clung_2Other chronic lung disease
cc_copd_2Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
cc_cvd_2Cardiovascular disease (CVD or heart disease)
cc_depression_2Depression
cc_diabetes_2Diabetes
cc_hypertension_2Hypertension (HTN, high blood pressure)
cc_imm_2Immunocompromised condition
cc_intrav_2Intravenous drug use
cc_otherchroniccond_2Other chronic condition
cc_othermh_2Other mental health disorder
cc_sickle_2Sickle Cell Anemia
covid_abpain_2Abdominal Pain
covid_cough_2Cough
covid_diffbreath_2Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
covid_fever_2Fever or chills
covid_headache_2Headache
covid_myalgia_2Muscle or body aches
covid_nausea_2Feeling sick to your stomach or vomiting, diarrhea
covid_olfactory_2New loss of taste or smell
covid_other_2Other
covid_runnynose_2Sore throat, congestion or runny nose
covid_skinrash_2Skin Rash
current_employment_statusWe would like to know about what you do -- are you working now, looking for work, retired, keeping house, a student, or something else?
hi_coverage_typeWhat is the primary kind of health insurance or health care plan that you have now? (Exclude plans that pay for only one type of Service (such as, nursing home care, accidents, family planning, or dental care) and plans that only provide extra cash when hospitalized. )
lifetime_use_alcoholIn your entire life, have you had at least 1 drink of any kind of alcohol, not counting small tastes or sips?
pregnancy_statusAre you currently pregnant?
race_ethn_hispanicAre you of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin?
self_reported_disabilityDo you have a disability that interferes with your ability to carry out daily activities? Examples of daily activities include walking, climbing stairs, shopping, balancing a checkbook, bathing or dressing.
self_reported_height_feetFeet
self_reported_height_inchesInches
self_reported_weight_lbsHow much do you weigh without clothes or shoes? If you are currently pregnant, how much did you weigh before your pregnancy?
smoker_cur_stat_2Do you now smoke cigarettes?
vaper_cur_statDo you now use electronic cigarettes every day, some days, rarely, or not at all?
alcohol_daysperweek-
consentdt_mdy-
consent_given-
covid_fatique_2-
covid_pandemic_challenges_abod_2-
covid_pandemic_challenges_food_2-
covid_pandemic_challenges_wate_2-
covid_vaccine-
cov_pan_chal_hlth_2-
cov_pan_chal_med_2-
cov_pan_chlng_trans_2-
cov_tst_mthd_2-
edu_years_of_school-
employed_ew-
employed_healthcare_2-
family_income-
flu_vaccinehistind_2-
flu_vaccine_season_3-
gender_identity_term_2-
hi_loss_covid-
household_famgen_3-
household_homeless-
index-
isolate_maintain_job-
jobloss_covid19_2-
language_home___1-
language_home___22-
language_home___9-
language_pref-
positivemonth_covidtest_2-
positiveyear_covidtest_3-
quarantine_maintain_job-
race_ethn_race___1-
race_ethn_race___5-
recentmonth_covidtest_2-
recentresult_covidtest-
recentyear_covidtest_3-
redcap_repeat_instance-
redcap_repeat_instrument-
self_reported_health_status_assessment-
self_reported_height_coded-
self_reported_weight_units_2-
sex_orient_id-
smoker_number-
test_accesseasy_2-
test_accesswhere_2-
tested_for_covid-
tested_positive_for_covid-
vaccine_concerns_3___1-
vaccine_concerns_3___2-
vaccine_concerns_3___4-
vaccine_concerns_3___6-
vaccine_concerns_3___7-
vaccine_concerns_3___8-
vaccine_concerns_3___9-
vaccine_concerns_3___96-
vaccine_reasons_3___1-
vaccine_reasons_3___10-
vaccine_reasons_3___11-
vaccine_reasons_3___2-
vaccine_reasons_3___3-
vaccine_reasons_3___4-
vaccine_reasons_3___5-
vaccine_reasons_3___6-
vaccine_reasons_3___7-
vaccine_reasons_3___8-
work_closecont_2-
work_ppe_2-
work_wash_2-
Study Documents
Study Documents Table
Document
Document Name
File Size
Download
READMEproject107M_README.html274.53 KB
Data Files
Total Files: 6
Data Files: 2
Metadata Files: 2
Dictionary Files: 2
Study Datasets Table
File Name
File Type
File Format(s)
# of Records
# of Variables
Metadata
Dictionary
project107M_DATA_transformcopy.csvTabular Data - Harmonizedcsv25
project107M_DATA_origcopy.csvTabular Data - Non-harmonizedcsv25