dbGaP Study Accession: phs002920
NIH Institute/Center: NLM
RADx Data Program: RADx-UP
DOI: 10.60773/ksgc-r355
Release Date: 08/29/2023
Study Description: African American and Latinx communities nationally and in California not only bear a disproportionate burden of COVID-19 positive cases and deaths but are also not taking part in COVID-19 testing for a wide range of understudied reasons. This can have profound implications in safety net health care settings that care for the most vulnerable patients. The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services (LACDHS) is the second largest publicly operated county safety net health care system in the United States, serving more than 750,000 patients annually. Timely access to health care in this under-resourced, high-need setting has been an ongoing challenge for its majority Latinx and African American patients. With the current pandemic, COVID-19 testing for patients has become integral to receiving critical health care, from treatment for symptomatic disease to the first step in providing procedural care. However, the range of reasons why patients refuse COVID-19 testing and vaccinations is little understood. To this end, the study proposed to explore the obstacles to COVID-19 testing and vaccinations to provide COVID-19 specific training to LACDHS Community Health Workers (CHWs) from these same communities to effectively address: a) the primary goal of increasing COVID-19 testing and vaccinations for individual patients, and b) developing a sustained public health presence in these communities to build trust and preparedness for critical COVID-19 related future needs. Trained CHWs can help to more effectively overcome obstacles to COVID-19 testing and vaccinations, including historical barriers of mistrust, provide COVID-19 health education, help address social determinants of health and help facilitate technological literacy to improve patient access to testing and care in a telehealth environment. The proposal used a multidisciplinary, mixed-methods approach including unsupervised machine learning and qualitative interviews to systematically explore barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 testing/vaccinations among vulnerable safety net patients. The study then trained clinically-based, ethnically/linguistically matched CHWs to implement a hypothesis-driven intervention consisting of six group classes and six personalized patient encounters with African American and Latinx safety net patients. This study had the following specific aims: Aim 1- Utilize machine learning methods to assess whether there are characteristics that define two sets of African American and Latinx safety net patients, a) those who engage in or refuse COVID-19 testing and b) those who engage in or refuse COVID-19 vaccinations; Aim 2 - Conduct in-depth interviews with African American and Latinx patients who either declined or accepted COVID-19 testing and/or vaccinations to explore contextual, behavioral, and attitudinal factors shaping patient circumstances and concerns; Aim 3 - Develop, implement, and pre-test a CHW intervention with the information from Aims 1 and 2, utilizing a randomized control design among African American and Latinx safety net patients to assess the effect of the CHW hypothesis-driven intervention on trust, self-efficacy, and intent to participate in COVID-19 testing/ re-testing and vaccinations.
Updated Date: 04/17/2024
Principal Investigator: Ogunyemi, Omolola I
Has Data Files: Yes
Study Domain: Pandemic Perceptions or Decision-Making; Testing Rate or Uptake; Vaccination Rate or Uptake; Virological Testing
Data Collection Method: Interview or Focus Group; Survey
Keywords: Building Trust Amongst Marginalized Communities
Study Design: Interventional or Clinical Trial
Multi-Center Study: Yes
Study Sites: Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science; Los Angeles County Department of Health Services
Data Types: Behavioral; Electronic Medical Records; Questionnaire or Survey
Study Start Date: 09/09/2020
Study End Date: 11/30/2022
Species: Human
Estimated Cohort Size: 128
Study Population Focus: Adults; African Americans; Hispanics or Latinos; Older Adults or Elderly; Racial or Ethnic Minorities; Underserved or Vulnerable Populations
Acknowledgement Statement: This study was supported through funding, 3R01LM012309-04S2, for the National Library of Medicine (NLM) as part of the RADx-UP program. We acknowledge the support of project staff, community health workers and study participants from the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services in acquiring these data. Approved users should acknowledge the provision of data access by dbGaP for accession phs002920.v1.p1, and the NIH RADx Data Hub. Approved users should also acknowledge the specific version(s) of the dataset(s) obtained from the NIH RADx Data Hub.
Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Number: PA-13-302
NIH Grant or Contract Number(s): 3R01LM012309-04S2
Consent/Data Use Limitations: General Research Use
Variable Name | Label |
---|---|
nih_record_id | User ID |
nih_race | What is your race? |
nih_ethnicity | Are you of Hispanic or Latino origin? May include Spanish origin. |
nih_age | What is your age? |
nih_sex | What is your biological sex assigned at birth? |
nih_education | What is the highest level of education you have achieved outside or in the United States? |
nih_employment | Please specify your employment status. |
nih_insurance | What kind of health insurance do you have? |
nih_disability | Do you have a disability, including serious physical or mental conditions, that interfere with your ability to carry out daily activities? |
nih_vape_freq | Vaping Frequency: Do you now use electronic cigarettes every day, some days, rarely, or not at all? |
nih_cig_smoke_freq | Nicotine Frequency: Do you now smoke cigarettes? |
nih_smoking_yn | Do you use any tobacco/nicotine products (including cigarettes, cigars, e-cigarettes, etc)? |
nih_history_smoking | History of Smoking |
nih_alcohol_yn | Alcohol use (Yes or No) |
nih_lifetime_use_alcohol | In your entire life, have you had at least 1 drink of any kind of alcohol, not counting small tastes or sips? (Yes or No) |
nih_alcohol_frequency | How often did you have a drink containing alcohol ? |
nih_asthma | Asthma |
nih_cancer_past_yr | Cancer diagnosis and/or treatment within the past 12 months |
nih_cardiovascular_disease | Cardiovascular disease |
nih_chronic_kidney_disease | Chronic kidney disease |
nih_diabetes | Diabetes |
nih_hypertension | Hypertension |
nih_mental_health_disorder | Mental health disorder |
nih_sickle_cell_disease | Sickle cell disease |
nih_pregnancy | Pregnancy status |
nih_immunocompromised | Immunocompromised condition |
nih_autoimm | Autoimmune disease |
nih_copd | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
nih_chronic_lung | Other chronic lung disease |
nih_depression | Depression |
nih_alc_sub_abuse | Alcohol or substance use disorder |
nih_iv_drug_use | Intravenous drug use |
nih_other_chronic_cond | Other chronic condition |
nih_health_status | Would you say that (your) health in general is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor? |
nih_height | What is your height in inches? |
nih_weight | What is your weight in pounds? |
age_yrs | Age For babies less than 1 year old, do not write the age in months. Write 0 as the age. (Years) |
bio_sex_birth_2 | What was your sex assigned at birth on your birth certificate? |
cc_asthma_2 | Asthma |
cc_asud_2 | Alcohol or substance use disorder |
cc_autoimm_2 | Autoimmune disease |
cc_cancer_2 | Cancer diagnosis and/or treatment within the past 12 months |
cc_chronickd_2 | Chronic kidney disease (CKD) |
cc_clung_2 | Other chronic lung disease |
cc_copd_2 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
cc_cvd_2 | Cardiovascular disease (CVD or heart disease) |
cc_depression_2 | Depression |
cc_diabetes_2 | Diabetes |
cc_hypertension_2 | Hypertension (HTN, high blood pressure) |
cc_imm_2 | Immunocompromised condition |
cc_intrav_2 | Intravenous drug use |
cc_otherchroniccond_2 | Other chronic condition |
cc_othermh_2 | Other mental health disorder |
cc_sickle_2 | Sickle Cell Anemia |
current_employment_status | We would like to know about what you do -- are you working now, looking for work, retired, keeping house, a student, or something else? |
hi_coverage_type | What is the primary kind of health insurance or health care plan that you have now? (Exclude plans that pay for only one type of Service (such as, nursing home care, accidents, family planning, or dental care) and plans that only provide extra cash when hospitalized. ) |
lifetime_use_alcohol | In your entire life, have you had at least 1 drink of any kind of alcohol, not counting small tastes or sips? |
pregnancy_status | Are you currently pregnant? |
race_ethn_hispanic | Are you of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin? |
self_reported_disability | Do you have a disability that interferes with your ability to carry out daily activities? Examples of daily activities include walking, climbing stairs, shopping, balancing a checkbook, bathing or dressing. |
self_reported_height_feet | Feet |
self_reported_height_inches | Inches |
self_reported_weight_lbs | How much do you weigh without clothes or shoes? If you are currently pregnant, how much did you weigh before your pregnancy? |
smoker_cur_stat_2 | Do you now smoke cigarettes? |
vaper_cur_stat | Do you now use electronic cigarettes every day, some days, rarely, or not at all? |
access_wifi | - |
alcohol_date_mdy | - |
alcohol_daysperweek | - |
consentdt_mdy | - |
consent_given | - |
consent_recontact | - |
covid_pandemic_challenges_abod_2 | - |
covid_pandemic_challenges_food_2 | - |
covid_pandemic_challenges_wate_2 | - |
covid_vaccine | - |
cov_pan_chal_hlth_2 | - |
cov_pan_chal_med_2 | - |
cov_pan_chlng_trans_2 | - |
cov_tst_mthd_2 | - |
edu_years_of_school | - |
employed_ew | - |
employed_healthcare_2 | - |
family_income | - |
flu_vaccinehistind_2 | - |
flu_vaccine_season_3 | - |
gender_identity_term_2 | - |
hi_loss_covid | - |
hlthstat_date_mdy | - |
household_congregate_3 | - |
household_famgen_3 | - |
household_homeless | - |
housing_concerns | - |
housing_date_mdy | - |
isolate_maintain_job | - |
jobloss_covid19_2 | - |
language_english | - |
language_home___1 | - |
language_home___2 | - |
language_home___3 | - |
language_home___4 | - |
language_home___5 | - |
language_home___6 | - |
language_home___7 | - |
language_home___8 | - |
language_home___9 | - |
language_home___90 | - |
language_home___99 | - |
marital_status | - |
med_hx_date_mdy | - |
mmistrust_1 | - |
mmistrust_2 | - |
mmistrust_3 | - |
mmistrust_4 | - |
mmistrust_5 | - |
mmistrust_6 | - |
mmistrust_7 | - |
mmistrust_8 | - |
participant_consent | - |
participant_consent_audio | - |
participant_minor | - |
participant_recording | - |
positivemonth_covidtest_2 | - |
positiveyear_covidtest_3 | - |
pp_chw_1 | - |
pp_chw_2 | - |
pp_chw_y_believe | - |
pp_chw_y_family | - |
pp_chw_y_future | - |
pp_chw_y_trust | - |
quarantine_maintain_job | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___1 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___2 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___3 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___4 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___5 | - |
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___99 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___1 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___2 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___3 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___4 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___5 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___6 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___7 | - |
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___99 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___1 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___10 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___11 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___12 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___13 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___14 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___2 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___3 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___4 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___5 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___6 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___7 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___8 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___9 | - |
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___99 | - |
race_ethn_race___1 | - |
race_ethn_race___15 | - |
race_ethn_race___2 | - |
race_ethn_race___3 | - |
race_ethn_race___4 | - |
race_ethn_race___5 | - |
race_ethn_race___99 | - |
recentmonth_covidtest_2 | - |
recentresult_covidtest | - |
recentyear_covidtest_3 | - |
redcap_event_name | - |
redcap_repeat_instance | - |
redcap_repeat_instrument | - |
self_efficacy_1 | - |
self_efficacy_10 | - |
self_efficacy_11 | - |
self_efficacy_12 | - |
self_efficacy_13 | - |
self_efficacy_14 | - |
self_efficacy_15 | - |
self_efficacy_16 | - |
self_efficacy_17 | - |
self_efficacy_2 | - |
self_efficacy_3 | - |
self_efficacy_4 | - |
self_efficacy_5 | - |
self_efficacy_6 | - |
self_efficacy_7 | - |
self_efficacy_8 | - |
self_efficacy_9 | - |
self_reported_health_status_assessment | - |
self_reported_height_coded | - |
self_reported_weight_units_2 | - |
sex_orient_id | - |
sociodem_date_mdy | - |
stable_housing | - |
technology_use | - |
test_accesseasy_2 | - |
test_access_know | - |
test_accesswhere_2 | - |
test_date_mdy | - |
tested_for_covid | - |
tested_positive_for_covid | - |
test_intent_2 | - |
test_pbenearound_2 | - |
test_pbeneexposed_2 | - |
test_pbenepos_2 | - |
test_pbenesafe_2 | - |
test_pbenework_2 | - |
test_pbeneworry_2 | - |
test_percvtestneg___1 | - |
test_percvtestneg___2 | - |
test_percvtestneg___3 | - |
test_percvtestneg___4 | - |
test_percvtestpos___1 | - |
test_percvtestpos___2 | - |
test_percvtestpos___3 | - |
test_priskcontact_2 | - |
test_priskhlthcare_2 | - |
test_priskknow_2 | - |
test_prisklater_2 | - |
test_prisknohelp_2 | - |
test_prisknosymp_2 | - |
vacc_date_mdy | - |
vaccine_avail | - |
vaccine_booster_aware | - |
vaccine_booster_knowledge | - |
vaccine_change_opinion | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___1 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___10 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___2 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___3 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___4 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___5 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___6 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___7 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___8 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___9 | - |
vaccine_concerns_3___96 | - |
vaccine_convnt_loc | - |
vaccine_immigrationstatus | - |
vaccine_infertile | - |
vaccine_literacy | - |
vaccine_misswork | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___1 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___10 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___11 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___2 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___3 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___4 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___5 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___6 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___7 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___8 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___9 | - |
vaccine_reasons_3___96 | - |
vaccine_unknowneffects | - |
vaccine_worry_required | - |