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Study Information

dbGaP Study Accession: phs002713

NIH Institute/Center: NCI

RADx Data Program: RADx-UP

Release Date: 08/30/2023

DOI: 10.60773/1scn-wv48

Study Description: Many low-income Americans, racial and ethnic minorities, and other marginalized groups live in information-poor environments, disproportionately exposed to misinformation about COVID-19, and distrusting medical, government, and scientific institutions and leaders. These and other social, cultural, and behavioral factors pose significant obstacles to public health efforts to increase population testing and vaccination in a pandemic. Testing and vaccination efforts must be paired with an understanding of the needs and cultures of different communities, and the contexts in which people live must be considered, especially among groups hit hardest by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study approach was built on strong evidence from the team's decades-long program of health communication research to eliminate disparities, especially proven message tactics such as cultural values, disparity framing, and narratives, that was applied to the COVID-19 context. Specifically, a multi-method content analysis of 43,000+ COVID-19 testing inquiries to 2-1-1 callers was conducted with the following aims: Aim 1) Survey and interview over 500 2-1-1 callers and phone operators; Aim 2) Develop and evaluate in randomized A-B testing new COVID-19 testing messages among 300 2-1-1 callers; and Aim 3) Taken together, these activities identified essential contexts and content for communicating about COVID-19 testing to vulnerable populations, and Aim 3 integrated this knowledge into proven message tactics and determined their impact on interest in, and intention to be tested, and other key outcomes. The existing partnership with 2-1-1 was central to this research. Of the 24 priority populations identified in the NOSI, 2-1-1s serve a higher proportion of callers from nearly every group compared to their proportion of the U.S. population, including 60-80% racial or ethnic minorities, 40-55% with household income below $10,000, and 1 in 4 who have not completed high school. During COVID-19, 2-1-1s in 36 states have fielded 964,286 COVID-19 requests. These first-hand accounts from underserved Americans concerned about, or affected by, COVID-19 must inform communication efforts, and the infrastructure of 2-1-1 was well suited to support rapid testing of promising approaches.

Updated Date: 04/17/2024

Principal Investigator: Kreuter, Matthew

Has Data Files: Yes

Study Domain: Health Behaviors; Pandemic Perceptions or Decision-Making; Social Determinants of Health; Substance Use; Testing Rate or Uptake

Data Collection Method: Interview or Focus Group; Survey

Keywords: Smokers

Study Design: Longitudinal Cohort

Multi-Center Study: No

Data Types: Behavioral; Psychological; Questionnaire or Survey; Social; Supporting Documents

Study Start Date: 09/08/2020

Study End Date: 08/31/2022

Species: Human

Estimated Cohort Size: 150

Study Population Focus: Adults; Lower Socioeconomic Status (SES) Populations; Older Adults or Elderly; Racial or Ethnic Minorities; Underserved or Vulnerable Populations

Publication URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35065974/

Acknowledgement Statement: This study was supported through funding, 5R01CA235773-04, for the National Cancer Institute (NCI) as part of the RADx-UP program. The authors thank all participants for their support of the research. Approved users should acknowledge the provision of data access by dbGaP for accession phs002713.v1.p1, and the NIH RADx Data Hub. Approved users should also acknowledge the specific version(s) of the dataset(s) obtained from the NIH RADx Data Hub.

Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Number: PAR-18-559

NIH Grant or Contract Number(s): 5R01CA235773-04

Consent/Data Use Limitations: General Research Use

Variable Information
Total Variables: 215
Study Variables Information Table
Variable Name
Label
nih_record_idUser ID
nih_raceWhat is your race?
nih_ethnicityAre you of Hispanic or Latino origin? May include Spanish origin.
nih_ageWhat is your age?
nih_sexWhat is your biological sex assigned at birth?
nih_educationWhat is the highest level of education you have achieved outside or in the United States?
nih_zipWhat is your zip code?
nih_employmentPlease specify your employment status.
nih_insuranceWhat kind of health insurance do you have?
nih_disabilityDo you have a disability, including serious physical or mental conditions, that interfere with your ability to carry out daily activities?
nih_vape_freqVaping Frequency: Do you now use electronic cigarettes every day, some days, rarely, or not at all?
nih_cig_smoke_freqNicotine Frequency: Do you now smoke cigarettes?
nih_smoking_ynDo you use any tobacco/nicotine products (including cigarettes, cigars, e-cigarettes, etc)?
nih_history_smokingHistory of Smoking
nih_alcohol_ynAlcohol use (Yes or No)
nih_lifetime_use_alcoholIn your entire life, have you had at least 1 drink of any kind of alcohol, not counting small tastes or sips? (Yes or No)
nih_alcohol_frequencyHow often did you have a drink containing alcohol ?
nih_asthmaAsthma
nih_cancer_past_yrCancer diagnosis and/or treatment within the past 12 months
nih_cardiovascular_diseaseCardiovascular disease
nih_chronic_kidney_diseaseChronic kidney disease
nih_diabetesDiabetes
nih_hypertensionHypertension
nih_mental_health_disorderMental health disorder
nih_sickle_cell_diseaseSickle cell disease
nih_pregnancyPregnancy status
nih_immunocompromisedImmunocompromised condition
nih_autoimmAutoimmune disease
nih_copdChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
nih_chronic_lungOther chronic lung disease
nih_depressionDepression
nih_alc_sub_abuseAlcohol or substance use disorder
nih_iv_drug_useIntravenous drug use
nih_other_chronic_condOther chronic condition
nih_health_statusWould you say that (your) health in general is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?
nih_heightWhat is your height in inches?
nih_weightWhat is your weight in pounds?
age_yrsAge For babies less than 1 year old, do not write the age in months. Write 0 as the age. (Years)
bio_sex_birth_2What was your sex assigned at birth on your birth certificate?
cc_asthma_2Asthma
cc_asud_2Alcohol or substance use disorder
cc_autoimm_2Autoimmune disease
cc_cancer_2Cancer diagnosis and/or treatment within the past 12 months
cc_chronickd_2Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
cc_clung_2Other chronic lung disease
cc_copd_2Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
cc_cvd_2Cardiovascular disease (CVD or heart disease)
cc_depression_2Depression
cc_diabetes_2Diabetes
cc_hypertension_2Hypertension (HTN, high blood pressure)
cc_imm_2Immunocompromised condition
cc_intrav_2Intravenous drug use
cc_otherchroniccond_2Other chronic condition
cc_othermh_2Other mental health disorder
cc_sickle_2Sickle Cell Anemia
current_employment_statusWe would like to know about what you do -- are you working now, looking for work, retired, keeping house, a student, or something else?
hi_coverage_typeWhat is the primary kind of health insurance or health care plan that you have now? (Exclude plans that pay for only one type of Service (such as, nursing home care, accidents, family planning, or dental care) and plans that only provide extra cash when hospitalized. )
lifetime_use_alcoholIn your entire life, have you had at least 1 drink of any kind of alcohol, not counting small tastes or sips?
pregnancy_statusAre you currently pregnant?
race_ethn_hispanicAre you of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin?
race_ethn_raceWhat is your race? Mark one or more boxes. (Check all that apply)
self_reported_disabilityDo you have a disability that interferes with your ability to carry out daily activities? Examples of daily activities include walking, climbing stairs, shopping, balancing a checkbook, bathing or dressing.
self_reported_height_feetFeet
self_reported_height_inchesInches
self_reported_weight_lbsHow much do you weigh without clothes or shoes? If you are currently pregnant, how much did you weigh before your pregnancy?
smoker_cur_stat_2Do you now smoke cigarettes?
vaper_cur_statDo you now use electronic cigarettes every day, some days, rarely, or not at all?
zip_codeZip Code
alcohol_daysperweek-
consent_dcri-
consentdt_mdy-
consent_given-
consent_ident-
consent_recontact-
consent_zip_2-
covid_iso_chal___1-
covid_iso_chal___2-
covid_iso_chal___3-
covid_iso_chal___4-
covid_iso_chal___5-
covid_iso_chal___6-
covid_iso_chal___7-
covid_iso_chal___8-
covid_iso_chal___9-
covid_iso_chal___99-
covid_pandemic_challenges_abod_2-
covid_pandemic_challenges_food_2-
covid_pandemic_challenges_wate_2-
covid_pto-
covid_vaccine-
cov_pan_chal_hlth_2-
cov_pan_chal_med_2-
cov_pan_chlng_trans_2-
cov_tst_mthd_2-
edu_years_of_school-
employed_ew-
employed_healthcare_2-
family_income-
flu_vaccinehistind_2-
flu_vaccine_season_3-
gender_identity_term_2-
hi_loss_covid-
hlthstat_date_mdy-
household_congregate_3-
household_famgen_3-
household_homeless-
housing_date_mdy-
iden_date_mdy-
isolate_maintain_job-
jobloss_covid19_2-
language_english-
language_home___1-
language_home___2-
language_home___3-
language_home___4-
language_home___5-
language_home___6-
language_home___7-
language_home___8-
language_home___9-
language_home___90-
language_home___99-
language_spoken-
med_hx_date_mdy-
positivemonth_covidtest_2-
positiveyear_covidtest_3-
quarantine_maintain_job-
race_ethn_asian_detail_2-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___1-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___2-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___3-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___4-
race_ethn_asian_detail_3___5-
race_ethn_asian_detail___99-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___1-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___2-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___3-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___4-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___5-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___6-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___7-
race_ethn_hispanic_detail_2___99-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___1-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___10-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___11-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___12-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___13-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___14-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___2-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___3-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___4-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___5-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___6-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___7-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___8-
race_ethn_islander_detail_2___9-
race_ethn_islander_detail___99-
race_ethn_race___1-
race_ethn_race___15-
race_ethn_race___2-
race_ethn_race___3-
race_ethn_race___4-
race_ethn_race___5-
race_ethn_race___99-
recentmonth_covidtest_2-
recentresult_covidtest-
recentyear_covidtest_3-
redcap_event_name-
redcap_repeat_instance-
redcap_repeat_instrument-
self_reported_health_status_assessment-
self_reported_height_coded-
self_reported_weight_units_2-
sex_orient_id-
smoker_number-
sociodem_date_mdy-
test_accesseasy_2-
test_accesswhere_2-
test_date_mdy-
tested_for_covid-
tested_positive_for_covid-
vacc_date_mdy-
vaccine_avail-
vaccine_concerns_2-
vaccine_concerns_3___1-
vaccine_concerns_3___10-
vaccine_concerns_3___2-
vaccine_concerns_3___3-
vaccine_concerns_3___4-
vaccine_concerns_3___5-
vaccine_concerns_3___6-
vaccine_concerns_3___7-
vaccine_concerns_3___8-
vaccine_concerns_3___9-
vaccine_concerns_3___96-
vaccine_concerns___96-
vaccine_reasons___10-
vaccine_reasons___11-
vaccine_reasons_2-
vaccine_reasons_3___1-
vaccine_reasons_3___2-
vaccine_reasons_3___3-
vaccine_reasons_3___4-
vaccine_reasons_3___5-
vaccine_reasons_3___6-
vaccine_reasons_3___7-
vaccine_reasons_3___8-
vaccine_reasons_3___9-
vaccine_reasons_3___96-
vaccine_reasons___96-
work_closecont_2-
work_ppe_2-
work_ppe_date_mdy-
work_wash_2-
Study Documents
Study Documents Table
Document
Document Name
File Size
Download
READMEproject53_README.html274.57 KB
Study Documentationphs002713_Project 53_Protocol_22JUN2021.pdf172.17 KB
Study Documentationphs002713_Project S11_Project Aims.pdf145.32 KB
READMEprojectS11_README.html274.58 KB
Data Files
Total Files: 16
Data Files: 6
Metadata Files: 6
Dictionary Files: 4
Study Datasets Table
File Name
File Type
File Format(s)
# of Records
# of Variables
Metadata
Dictionary
projectS11_DATA_transformcopy.csvTabular Data - Harmonizedcsv745
projectS11_DDE_DATA_origcopy.csvTabular Data - Non-harmonizedcsv745

projectS11_DATA_origcopy.csvTabular Data - Non-harmonizedcsv745
project53_DATA_transformcopy.csvTabular Data - Harmonizedcsv370
project53_DATA_origcopy.csvTabular Data - Non-harmonizedcsv370
project53_DDE_DATA_origcopy.csvTabular Data - Non-harmonizedcsv370